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Tuberculosis is one of the most dreaded
diseases. It is a major health problem in India and often
rated the number one killer. It affects eight to nine
million people at any one time and over five lakh people
die of this disease every year in this country. This
disease is also called consumption as it consumes the
body and reduces the patient to a skeleton.
Tuberculosis has a very ancient origin. Traces of the
existence of this disease have been found in Egyptian
mummies as early as 5,000 B.C. It is described as Rajrog
or the king of diseases in the Vedas. The noted ancient
physicians, Charaka and Sushruta thought that it was
difficult to cure. Aristotle expressed pity for the
unfortunate " consumptives. "
Tuberculosis is caused by a tiny germ called tubercle
bacillus which is so small that it can be detected only
by a microscope. The germ enters the body through the
nose, mouth and the windpipe and settles down in the
lungs. It multiplies by millions and produces small
raised spots called tubercles. Sometimes this germ is
called Kocks bacillus and the disease, Kocks
disease after the name of Prof. Kock ( 1843-1910) who
discovered this germ in March 1882.
Tuberculosis is not hereditary but an infectious or
communicable disease. Those suffering from the disease
for a considerable time eject living germs while coughing
or spitting and when then enter the nose or mouth of
healthy persons, they contract the disease. The spread of
the disease is helped considerably by overcrowded and
dirty conditions. Mouth-breathing and kissing as well as
contaminated food and water are also responsible for
spreading this disease. Tuberculosis does not spread
merely by touching the persons suffering from it. Symptoms
Tuberculosis
is of four types, namely of lungs, intestines, bones and
glands. Pulmonary tuberculosis or tuberculosis of the
lungs is by far the most common type of tuberculosis. It
commences normally with a dry cough. The patient loses
strength, colour and weight and is unable to carry on his
normal work. Other symptoms are a rise in temperature
especially in the evening, hoarseness, difficulty in
breathing, pain in the shoulders, indigestion, chest
pain, and blood in the sputum.
Causes
Lowered
resistance or devitalisation of the system is the chief
cause of this disease. Most people have the germs present
at all times, but they do not have developed the disease
unless their bodies are in a weakened condition. This
condition is brought about mainly by mineral starvation
of the tissues of the body due to an inadequate diet and
the chief mineral concerned is calcium. In many ways,
therefore, tuberculosis is the disease of
calcium-deficiency. There can be no breakdown of the
tissue and no tubercular growth when there is an adequate
supply of organic calcium in the said tissue. Thus, an
adequate supply of organic calcium in the system together
with other organic mineral matter is a sure preventive of
the development of tuberculosis.
Lowered resistance also results from a variety of other
factors such as suppression of diseases by drugs and
medication, use of stale, devitaminised and acid- forming
foods, eating wrong combination of foods, such as taking
fruits with starchy foods at one meal, causing
fermentation inthe stomach ; wasting of energy through
excessive loss of semen and living in ill-ventilated
houses. Other causes include exposure to cold, loss of
sleep, impure air, sedentary life , overwork,
contaminated milk, use of tobacco in any form, liquor of
all kinds, tea, coffee and all harmful drinks. These
factors prepare the ground for the growth of germs of
various kinds, including the tubercle bacillus. These
germs, which may be present in the body, are quite
harmless for those who are full of vitality and natural
resistance.
Dietary
Cure
Tuberculosis
is no longer considered incurable if it is tackled in the
early stages. An all round scheme of dietetic and
vitality-building programme along natural lines is the
only method to overcome the disease. As a first step, the
patient should be put on an exclusive fresh fruit diet
for three or four days. He should have three meals a day
of fresh, juicy fruits, such as apples,grapes, pears,
peaches, oranges, pineapples, melons, or any other juicy
fruit in season. For drinks, unsweetened lemon water or
plain water either hot or cold may be taken. If losing
much weight on the all-fruit diet, those who are already
underweight may add a glass of milk to each fruit meal.
After the all-fruit diet, the patient should adopt a
fruit and milk diet. For this diet, the meals are exactly
the same as the all-fruit diet, but with milk added to
each fruit meal. The patient may begin with two pints of
milk the first day and increase by half a pint daily upto
four or five pints. The milk should be fresh and
unboiled, but may be slightly warmed, if desired. It
should be sipped very slowly. The fruit and milk diet
should be continued for four to six weeks. Thereafter,
the following diet may be adopted.
Breakfast
: Fresh
fruits as obtainable and milk. Prunes or other dried
fruit may also be taken , if desired.
Lunch
: Steamed vegetables as available, one or two
whole wheat chappatis and a glass of butter milk.
Dinner
: A bowl of raw salad of suitable vegetables
with whole wheat bread and butter. Stewed fruit or cooked
apple may be taken for dessert.
At
bedtime : A glass of milk.
The chief therapeutic
agent needed for the treatment of tuberculosis is
calcium. Milk, being the richest food source for the
supply of organic calcium to the body, should be taken
liberally. In the diet outlined above at least two pints
of milk should be taken daily. Further periods on the
exclusive fruit diet followed by fruit and milk diet
should be adopted at intervals of two or three months
depending on the progress. During the first few days of
the treatment, the bowels should be cleansed daily with a
warm water enema and afterwards as necessary.
The patient should avoid all devitalised foods such as
white bread, white sugar, refined cereals, puddings and
pies, tinned, canned and preserved foods. He should also
avoid strong tea, coffee, condiments, pickles and sauces.
The patient should take complete rest - of both mind and
body. Any type of stress will prevent healing. Fresh air
is always important in curing the disease and the patient
should spend most of the time in the open air and should
sleep in a well-ventilated room. Sunshine is also
essential as the tubercle bacilli are rapidly killed by
exposure to sunrays. Other beneficial steps towards
curing the disease are avoidance of strain, slow massage,
deep breathing and light occupation to ensure mental
diversion.
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